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Constipation is generally defined as having fewer than three bowel movements per week, passing hard or dry stools, or experiencing difficulty and discomfort during bowel movements. While occasional constipation is common, chronic constipation can interfere with daily life and may signal underlying health issues.
One of the main concerns with chronic constipation is the buildup of waste in the colon. When stool remains in the intestines for too long, the colon absorbs more water from it, making the stool harder and more difficult to pass. This can create a cycle in which constipation becomes increasingly severe over time.
Doctors note that chronic constipation can lead to complications such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and rectal prolapse. Straining during bowel movements places pressure on blood vessels around the rectum, causing swelling and discomfort. In severe cases, impacted stool may require medical intervention.
Another risk is bowel obstruction. When large amounts of hardened stool accumulate in the intestines, they can partially or completely block the digestive tract. This condition can cause intense abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting and may require emergency treatment.