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To measure exactly 4 liters of water using a 5-liter bottle and a 3-liter bottle, you can follow these steps:

  1. Fill the 5-liter bottle completely (it now has 5 liters).
  2. Pour water from the 5-liter bottle into the 3-liter bottle until the 3-liter bottle is full.
    • Now the 5-liter bottle has 2 liters left, and the 3-liter bottle has 3 liters.
  3. Empty the 3-liter bottle.
  4. Pour the remaining 2 liters from the 5-liter bottle into the 3-liter bottle.
    • Now the 3-liter bottle has 2 liters, and the 5-liter bottle is empty.
  5. Fill the 5-liter bottle again completely (it now has 5 liters).
  6. Pour water from the 5-liter bottle into the 3-liter bottle until the 3-liter bottle is full.
    • The 3-liter bottle already has 2 liters, so it can only take 1 more liter from the 5-liter bottle

After this, the 5-liter bottle will have exactly 4 liters left.

Answer: 4 liters are now in the 5-liter bottle.

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