Square waves form when two opposing forces, both above and below the water's surface, interact with each other. These opposing forces can be ocean waves and sea breezes or two ocean waves in conflict. Instead of moving parallel to the shore, these forces collide at oblique angles. This results in the creation of two sets of waves with a distinctive square grid pattern. These waves differ significantly from the typical graceful curves of regular waves.
These waves often occur near the coast, which is also the area with the highest risk of this situation occurring. The appearance of a wave usually comes without warning and can appear in just a few seconds. The randomness of wind and ocean waves makes it almost impossible for people to predict the appearance of this special type of wave.