If you suspect bed bugs, begin by carefully examining the mattress, bed frame, pillows, and nearby furniture. Wash all bedding, blankets, and clothing in hot water when appropriate for the fabric, then dry them on a high-heat setting. Vacuum mattresses, carpets, and furniture thoroughly, paying special attention to cracks and seams. Mattress encasements designed to trap bed bugs may also help as part of a comprehensive control strategy.
For larger infestations, professional pest control is often the most effective solution. Bed bugs are remarkably resilient and can survive for months without feeding. Simply changing sheets or spraying household insecticides may not eliminate the entire infestation. Professional treatment combined with careful cleaning provides the best chance of complete removal.