There are many possible causes for a white tongue, and in some cases, it is associated with an unpleasant odour and a dry feeling in the mouth. Sometimes brushing your teeth is all you need to get rid of it. But what if that doesn’t work?

❗This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional advice.

What white tongue is

A white plaque on the tongue (which can also be yellow) can appear for a number of reasons, for example, because of irritation or because of an infection. It usually disappears after a few days. It’s best to see a doctor if the situation doesn’t change after a few weeks and it’s painful to eat or speak.

It’s important to note that the plaque doesn’t have to be all white. A pink tongue is normal, but a brown tongue is a sign that the person drinks too much coffee or tea. A yellow tongue is a sign that there’s something wrong with the liver, and a red tongue is a sign of vitamin B deficiency.

Why the tongue becomes white

Usually, bacteria, food particles or dead cells get stuck between the buds and turn the tongue white. Because of this, the buds can become larger or they can become inflamed. This is how the white patches appear on the surface of the tongue.

Sometimes the plaque is caused by a disease. Another condition where white patches appear on the tongue is geographic tongue. It’s quite rare and the causes aren’t known. But the condition itself is often linked to eating foods that irritate the tongue. It can also be a reaction to stress, illness or hormonal changes.

Why white plaque appears on the tongue

• Age
• Taking antibiotics (white-yellow plaque appearing when there’s a fungal infection in the mouth)
• A diet that’s lacking enough fruits, vegetables, vitamin B12, and iron
• A weak immune system
• Bad mouth hygiene
• Dental prosthetics or other objects that can damage the tongue
• Dehydration and mouth dryness.

Tongue thrush

What piercings have to do with white tongue

If the plaque is caused by an injury (including piercings), it should take about 1.5 weeks to heal. You should avoid irritants such as hot, spicy or sour foods and drinks.

How to get rid of white tongue at home

• Take good care of your mouth.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Use a soft toothbrush.
• Use a mild fluoride toothpaste — one that doesn’t contain sodium lauryl sulfate.
• Use fluoride mouthwash.
• Remove the white coating from your tongue by brushing or using a tongue scraper.
• Drink cold drinks with a straw.
• Avoid spicy, salty, acidic or very hot foods and drinks.

Who to talk to if you’re worried about your white tongue

• Your dentist can help you remove the white film from your tongue. They can also prescribe medication if needed.
• Your GP will be able to diagnose your tongue, prescribe certain medications and determine if your white tongue is a sign of a more serious problem.

While tackling a white tongue can be simple, you might be surprised to learn how quitting coffee could affect your body. From unexpected fatigue to unusual cravings, your body has its own way of responding. Curious about what to expect?