Head and Neck Cancer: Understanding Risks and Early Detection for Better Outcomes
Head and neck cancer refers to a range of malignant tumors that occur in or around the throat, larynx (voice box), sinuses, nose, mouth, and salivary glands. These cancers primarily develop in the squamous cells that line the moist, mucosal surfaces of the head and neck area. Together, head and neck cancers account for approximately 4% of all cancers worldwide, including a significant portion of cases in India. While head and neck cancer is highly treatable when detected early, its complex anatomy and often late detection make treatment challenging. If untreated or diagnosed too late, the disease can impact vital functions like speaking, breathing, and swallowing.
Common Types of Head and Neck Cancers
Head and neck cancers are categorized into various types based on the affected area, including: