Which Types of Cancer Are Hereditary?

Some types of cancer can be inherited due to genetic factors and gene mutations. While not all cancer cases are hereditary, if there is a family history of cancer, your risk may be higher. Below are the cancers that are more likely to be inherited:

1. Breast Cancer

Breast cancer can be inherited if there are mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which play an important role in controlling cell growth. If a person inherits these mutations, their risk of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer is much higher than the general population. Other genes like TP53 can also be linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.

2. Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer can have a hereditary component, especially in genetic syndromes like Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). People with a family history of colorectal cancer or colon polyps are at a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.

3. Ovarian Cancer

Like breast cancer, ovarian cancer can be inherited through BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. Women with these mutations have a higher risk of ovarian cancer as well as breast cancer.

4. Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer can run in families, especially when there are several family members diagnosed with prostate cancer or breast cancer (due to BRCA gene mutations). Those with a father or brother who had prostate cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease.

5. Lung Cancer

Although lung cancer is mostly associated with smoking habits, there are cases where it is hereditary. Genetic mutations like TP53, ALK, and EGFR can increase the risk of lung cancer, particularly in non-smokers with a family history of the disease.

6. Stomach Cancer

Stomach cancer can be hereditary in some cases. Syndromes like Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis can increase the risk of stomach cancer. People with a family history of stomach cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease.

7. Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer can also be inherited, particularly in genetic syndromes like multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN2). Those with a family history of thyroid cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease.

The Importance of Screening and Testing

If there is a family history of any of the cancers mentioned above, participating in genetic screening and testing is crucial. Genetic tests can help identify gene mutations and allow doctors to implement preventive measures, early diagnosis, and more effective treatment.