Some risk factors cannot be changed, such as age and genetics.

Others can be addressed through medical treatment and lifestyle changes.

Don't Ignore Warning Signs Before the Emergency

Sometimes the body gives warning signals before a major cardiovascular event.

These can include recurring chest pressure during physical activity, unusual shortness of breath, reduced exercise tolerance, or discomfort that repeatedly appears with exertion and improves with rest.

Such symptoms can be associated with angina, although there are other possible causes.

If you notice a recurring pattern of chest discomfort or unexplained breathlessness, arrange a medical evaluation rather than waiting for a more serious episode.

What You Can Do Before an Emergency Happens

The best time to prepare for a heart emergency is before one occurs.

Know your local emergency number.

Keep important medications and medical information accessible.

If you have been prescribed medications for heart disease, understand exactly how and when you are supposed to take them.

Learn basic CPR.

Consider learning how to use an AED.

If you live with someone who has cardiovascular risk factors, make sure family members know what symptoms should prompt an emergency call.

Preparation can eliminate precious hesitation during a stressful situation.

The Most Important Message

There is no guaranteed 10-second maneuver that can stop a heart attack at home.

The most important immediate actions are much simpler:

Recognize potentially serious symptoms.

Call emergency medical services immediately.

Stop physical activity and rest safely.

Follow the dispatcher's instructions.

Use prescribed emergency medication only as directed.

If the person becomes unresponsive and is not breathing normally, begin CPR and use an AED if available.

And perhaps most importantly:

Don't wait for the pain to become unbearable before asking for help.

A heart attack can sometimes begin with mild or unusual symptoms. Early medical assessment gives healthcare professionals the best opportunity to determine what is happening and provide appropriate treatment.

If you or someone around you is experiencing possible heart-attack symptoms right now, treat it as an emergency and contact your local emergency medical service immediately.