Current treatments are often expensive and come with many side effects. Therefore, there is a pressing need for more optimal cancer therapies.
A recent review conducted by researchers from Obafemi Awolowo University, Federal University of Technology Akure, University of Ibadan, Osun State University, and Ladoke Akintola University of Technology in Nigeria examined the anti-cancer effects of certain plant species and evaluated their potential role as complementary therapies alongside conventional cancer treatments, according to science news outlet Scitech Daily.

Plants with Anti-Cancer Properties

The review identified several plant species that exhibit potential anti-cancer properties, making them promising candidates for cancer treatment. These plants are rich in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids, which contribute to their anti-cancer effects.

Spondias mombin (also known as Hog Plum or Yellow Mombin):
This plant is rich in carotenoids and flavonoids such as quercetin. It demonstrates anti-cancer activity by inducing cell death, inhibiting cell proliferation, and reducing oxidative stress. Quercetin also targets cancer-related signaling pathways and possesses strong anti-inflammatory properties.

Taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium):
This root vegetable exhibits anti-cancer effects, particularly against leukemic cells. It promotes cancer cell death, inhibits tumor cell proliferation, and suppresses angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels that feed tumors). Its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and tannins, help regulate key cellular pathways and enhance its therapeutic potential against cancer.

Onion (Allium cepa):
Onions are rich in organosulfur compounds, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. These substances help reduce oxidative stress, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis (programmed cell death). Onions also modulate detoxifying enzymes, strengthen the immune system, and may help overcome drug resistance in cancer cells, according to Scitech Daily.

Yam (Dioscorea dumetorum):
Diosgenin, a compound found in yam, has demonstrated significant anti-cancer properties. It inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell death, and regulates cancer-related signaling pathways. Yam also exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which support its potential role in cancer therapy.

Guava (Psidium guajava):
Guava leaves contain tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids that promote apoptosis (cell death), inhibit the growth of cancer cells, and help prevent DNA damage. The fruit itself also reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which are major contributors to cancer progression.

Conclusion from Researchers:
While the anti-cancer potential of these plant species is promising, further research is essential to fully understand their pharmacological properties, safety, and effectiveness as part of cancer treatment strategies.