The Hot Spring Bathing Culture in Japan

Japan has a long-standing tradition of hot spring bathing. An interesting detail is that when soaking in hot springs, people often place a small towel on their heads.

For the Japanese, hot spring bathing is not only a cultural tradition but also a way to relax the mind, promote blood circulation, and improve skin health, making it firmer and smoother.

The most unique aspect of this bathing practice is that people are not shy about being naked in front of strangers—and they always put a small towel on their heads. But why?

In reality, the towel is not a decoration or simply to keep the hair tidy. Its purpose is health-related.

First, the towel must be wet to help prevent cerebral hemorrhage by maintaining body temperature balance and stabilizing blood pressure, especially in cold winter when there is a big difference between the outdoor temperature and the hot spring water.

When entering the hot bath, the body immediately senses this temperature difference. Blood is quickly pumped to the head, which can lead to brain congestion or even hemorrhage. Placing a damp towel on the head helps cool it down, reducing such risks.

Moreover, soaking for a long time in hot water can cause dizziness or lightheadedness when standing up. This happens because the lower body is released from water pressure, causing blood to flow rapidly from the head to the feet. Keeping a wet towel on the head and standing up slowly helps minimize these accidents.

Therefore, in winter, when soaking in hot springs, it is essential to use a towel soaked in hot water to reduce the temperature gap and protect your body.

How Long Should You Stay in a Hot Spring?

Before entering the bath, you should pour some hot water from the pool over your chest and stomach to avoid thermal shock.

Hot springs can be very hot, sometimes reaching up to 45°C (113°F). For those who are not accustomed to it, the sensation may feel like burning. That’s why it’s important to enter gradually—starting from the toes, then moving up to the hips, chest, and shoulders—to ensure safety. Another important rule is to avoid immersing your body above shoulder level, as this places excessive pressure on the lungs and heart. People with cardiovascular disease or high blood pressure should be particularly cautious.

The recommended bathing duration depends on the water temperature:

• At 43°C–45°C: soak for about 5–10 minutes per session.

• Below 40°C: soak for about 20–30 minutes per session.