Ovarian cancer is often referred to as a “silent killer” because its early symptoms are usually mild, vague, and easily mistaken for common digestive or hormonal issues. Unlike some other cancers, ovarian cancer does not always produce clear warning signs in its early stages. As a result, many women are diagnosed only when the disease has already progressed.

Medical experts emphasize that recognizing early symptoms can make a crucial difference. When detected early, ovarian cancer is far more treatable. Here are eight early symptoms that women should never ignore.

1. Persistent abdominal bloating
Occasional bloating is normal, especially after eating. However, persistent or daily bloating that does not go away may be an early sign of ovarian cancer. This bloating is often caused by fluid buildup or pressure from abnormal growths in the pelvic area.

2. Pelvic or lower abdominal pain
Unexplained pain or discomfort in the pelvis or lower abdomen, especially if it lasts for weeks, should not be ignored. This pain may feel dull, sharp, or constant and is different from typical menstrual cramps.

3. Feeling full quickly or loss of appetite
Women with early ovarian cancer often report feeling full after eating small amounts of food. This symptom may come with a noticeable decrease in appetite and unintended weight changes.

4. Frequent or urgent urination
Pressure from an ovarian tumor can irritate the bladder, leading to frequent urination or a sudden urge to urinate. If this symptom appears without a urinary tract infection, medical evaluation is recommended.

5. Changes in bowel habits
Constipation, diarrhea, or other unexplained changes in bowel movements can sometimes be linked to ovarian cancer. These symptoms may occur due to pressure on the intestines.

6. Unexplained fatigue
Persistent tiredness that does not improve with rest can be an early warning sign. Cancer-related fatigue is often described as overwhelming and disproportionate to daily activities.

7. Back pain
Lower back pain that occurs regularly without a clear cause may be another early symptom. This pain is sometimes overlooked or attributed to posture, stress, or aging.

8. Menstrual changes or abnormal bleeding
Irregular periods, heavier bleeding, or bleeding after menopause should always be taken seriously. While these symptoms can have many causes, they should never be dismissed without medical consultation.

Why early detection matters

Ovarian cancer is difficult to detect because there is no routine screening test for women without symptoms. Pap smears do not detect ovarian cancer, and imaging tests are usually performed only when symptoms are reported. This is why awareness of early signs is so important.

Doctors advise women to pay attention to symptoms that are new, persistent, and unusual for their bodies. If several of these symptoms occur almost daily for more than two to three weeks, it is essential to seek medical advice.

Who is at higher risk?

Certain factors can increase the risk of ovarian cancer, including a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, inherited genetic mutations, age (especially after menopause), and never having been pregnant. However, ovarian cancer can also occur in women without any known risk factors.

Listening to your body saves lives

Many women delay seeing a doctor because they believe their symptoms are minor or temporary. Unfortunately, this delay can allow the disease to progress. Health professionals stress that trusting your instincts and seeking medical evaluation early can save lives.

Ovarian cancer may be silent, but it does send signals. Learning to recognize and respond to those signals is one of the most powerful steps women can take to protect their health.